( D) Options dialogs and ( E) Caption Expert were developed using HTML and JavaScript and are displayed via Mega’s integrated web browser that is built on the Chromium Embedded Framework. These use the native widget set of the target operating system. The redesigned GUI elements in Mega X include explorer windows such as the ( A) Sequence Data Explorer, ( B) Timetree Wizard, and ( C) Tree Explorer. ![]() We are currently developing Mega X for macOS, which will share this user interface. As a result, Mega X has the same look-and-feel in Windows and Linux. With this framework, we have implemented GUI elements using HTML and JavaScript in Mega X desktop GUI ( fig. 2). To provide a uniform user experience across computing platforms, many user interface elements have been implemented using the Chromium Embedded Framework (CEF), which is an open source framework based on the Google Chromium web browser core. The reprogramming was accompanied with visual modernization of many parts of the GUI ( fig. 1). Additionally, all the internal control code that used the MS Windows system application programming interface (API) was advanced to work across platforms. Extensive reprogramming of visual components was needed to compile cross-platform Mega, including the Alignment Explorer, Sequence Data Explorer, and Tree Explorer. The GUI has been programmed by refactoring Mega’s source code to be compatible with the Lazarus integrated development environment ( Lazarus Team) and the Free Pascal compiler. Cross-Platform Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Mega X This transformation also paves the way for development of a MEGA X version for macOS in the near future. This advancement eliminates the Windows-only limitation of Mega, which has become particularly acute due to the increasing use of Linux in biological research. Therefore, Mega has been transformed into a cross-platform version that runs natively on Linux and Microsoft Windows. 2016), so a more comprehensive solution is required for users of alternate platforms. Emulators cannot be used effectively for the latest 64-bit version of Mega that is built to handle memory-intensive analyses of large contemporary data sets ( Kumar et al. But the ad hoc Windows-emulation solution is sluggish and relatively unstable when compared with the performance in MS Windows. These versions have been downloaded over 200,000 times. Some of the Mega releases have been packaged for Linux systems using the WINE compatibility layer for POSIX-compliant operating systems and the Wineskin tool (built on WINE) for macOS systems. 1994) and then upgraded for use in MS Windows eight times, including MEGA 1 to MEGA 6 and MEGA-CC and MEGA-MD ( Kumar et al. Mega was first developed for MS DOS in the early 1990s ( Kumar et al. Over the last 25 years, Mega’s use in evolutionary analysis has been cited in over one hundred thousand studies in diverse biological fields. Mega includes a large repertoire of programs for assembling sequence alignments, inferring evolutionary trees, estimating genetic distances and diversities, inferring ancestral sequences, computing timetrees, and testing selection ( Kumar et al. ![]() Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis ( Mega) software provides tools to conduct such analyses. The numerous steps required to glean interpretable and actionable results from raw sequence data invariably require comparative analysis of molecular sequences to discover functional and adaptive genome differences. Over the past decade, genome sequencing has become an efficient and potent means to investigate a broad array of biological systems, from large-scale studies of biological diversity to tracking the evolution and origin of pathogenic microbes.
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